Replication Macro Molecules Medical Video by Public Health

Replication Macro Molecules

Public Health

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Description

Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Ribonucleic Acid, also known as replication macromolecules, are polymers of nucleotides that contain all the genetic instructions needed to grow and develop all known living organisms. An organisms DNA is passed on to its offspring, and in this way genetic material is continually passed down family lines. However, just because DNA is passed from parent to offspring that does not mean that every offspring will be identical to the parent. This is because each gene, or specific sequence of nitrogenous bases within the nucleotides, which is where heritable information is stored, have two traits or alleles, one dominant, and one recessive. In each individual organism, one trait is turned off, and one is turned on. Since all eukaryotic organisms reproduce sexually, one allele is passed on from the mothers DNA, and the other allele from the fathers. Also, spontaneous mutations can occur in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule. This occurs when one or more nitrogenous base is deleted or substituted for another one. This random mutation in the DNAs nucleotides is what drives all new variation in evolution. In this video we will see what DNA and RNA are composed of, how they replicate in the nucleus of the cell, and how the information contained in the DNA is subsequently transferred to factories called ribosomes which produce chains of amino acids (the building blocks of life) according to the plans contained within the DNA.